linux下scp命令的使用方法详解实例
scp是secure copy的简写，用于在Linux下进行远程拷贝文件的命令，和它类似的命令有cp，不过cp只是在本机进行拷贝不能跨服务器，而且scp传输是加密的。可能会稍微影响一下速度。当你服务器硬盘变为只读 read only system时，用scp可以帮你把文件移出来。另外，scp还非常不占资源，不会提高多少系统负荷，在这一点上，rsync就远远不及它了。虽然 rsync比scp会快一点，但当小文件众多的情况下，rsync会导致硬盘I/O非常高，而scp基本不影响系统正常使用。
假如有两台机器：
本地：192.168.0.1
远程：192.168.0.2
拷贝远程文件到本地
scp -P 2222 root@192.168.0.2:/root/fcbu.com.zip /home/wwwroot/fcbu.com.zip
将本地文件上传到服务器上
scp -P 2222 /home/wwwroot/fcbu.com.zip root@192.168.0.2:/root/fcbu.com.zip
拷贝远程目录到本地
scp -P 2222 -r root@192.168.0.2:/root/fcbu.com/ /home/wwwroot/fcbu.com/
将本地目录上传到远程服务器上
scp -P 2222 -r /home/wwwroot/fcbu.com/ root@192.168.0.2:/root/fcbu.com/
ssh默认连接端口是22，如果有更改过，则需要使用-P参数。例如上面的命令是将端口更改为2222：scp -P 2222
scp常用的一些参数：
-v 和大多数 linux 命令中的 -v 意思一样 , 用来显示进度 . 可以用来查看连接，认证，或是配置错误。
-C 启用压缩选项，
-r 传递目录下的所有内容
-P 选择端口 . 注意 -p 已经被 rcp 使用 .
-4 强行使用 IPV4 地址 .
-6 强行使用 IPV6 地址 .
更多直接man scp
SCP(1) BSD General Commands Manual SCP(1)
NAME
scp - secure copy (remote file copy program)
SYNOPSIS
scp [-1246BCpqrv] [-c cipher] [-F ssh_config] [-i identity_file] [-l limit] [-o ssh_option] [-P port] [-S program]
[[user@]host1:]file1 [...] [[user@]host2:]file2
DESCRIPTION
scp copies files between hosts on a network. It uses ssh(1) for data transfer, and uses the same authentication and provides
the same security as ssh(1). Unlike rcp(1), scp will ask for passwords or passphrases if they are needed for authentication.
Any file name may contain a host and user specification to indicate that the file is to be copied to/from that host. Copies
between two remote hosts are permitted.
When copying a source file to a target file which already exists, scp will replace the contents of the target file (keeping
the inode).
If the target file does not yet exist, an empty file with the target file name is created, then filled with the source file
contents. No attempt is made at "near-atomic" transfer using temporary files.
The options are as follows:
-1 Forces scp to use protocol 1.
-2 Forces scp to use protocol 2.
-4 Forces scp to use IPv4 addresses only.
-6 Forces scp to use IPv6 addresses only.
-B Selects batch mode (prevents asking for passwords or passphrases).
-C Compression enable. Passes the -C flag to ssh(1) to enable compression.
-c cipher
Selects the cipher to use for encrypting the data transfer. This option is directly passed to ssh(1).
-F ssh_config
Specifies an alternative per-user configuration file for ssh. This option is directly passed to ssh(1).
-i identity_file
Selects the file from which the identity (private key) for RSA authentication is read. This option is directly
passed to ssh(1).
-l limit
Limits the used bandwidth, specified in Kbit/s.
-o ssh_option
Can be used to pass options to ssh in the format used in ssh_config(5). This is useful for specifying options for
which there is no separate scp command-line flag. For full details of the options listed below, and their possible
values, see ssh_config(5).
AddressFamily
BatchMode
BindAddress
ChallengeResponseAuthentication
CheckHostIP
Cipher
Ciphers
Compression
CompressionLevel
ConnectionAttempts
ConnectTimeout
ControlMaster
ControlPath
GlobalKnownHostsFile
GSSAPIAuthentication
GSSAPIDelegateCredentials
HashKnownHosts
Host
HostbasedAuthentication
HostKeyAlgorithms
HostKeyAlias
HostName
IdentityFile
IdentitiesOnly
KbdInteractiveDevices
LogLevel
MACs
NoHostAuthenticationForLocalhost
NumberOfPasswordPrompts
PasswordAuthentication
Port
PreferredAuthentications
Protocol
ProxyCommand
PubkeyAuthentication
RekeyLimit
RhostsRSAAuthentication
RSAAuthentication
SendEnv
ServerAliveInterval
ServerAliveCountMax
SmartcardDevice
StrictHostKeyChecking
TCPKeepAlive
UsePrivilegedPort
User
UserKnownHostsFile
VerifyHostKeyDNS
-P port
Specifies the port to connect to on the remote host. Note that this option is written with a capital ‘P’, because -p
is already reserved for preserving the times and modes of the file in rcp(1).
-p Preserves modification times, access times, and modes from the original file.
-q Disables the progress meter.
-r Recursively copy entire directories.
-S program
Name of program to use for the encrypted connection. The program must understand ssh(1) options.
-v Verbose mode. Causes scp and ssh(1) to print debugging messages about their progress. This is helpful in debugging
connection, authentication, and configuration problems.
DIAGNOSTICS
scp exits with 0 on success or >0 if an error occurred.
SEE ALSO
rcp(1), sftp(1), ssh(1), ssh-add(1), ssh-agent(1), ssh-keygen(1), ssh_config(5), sshd(8)
HISTORY
scp is based on the rcp(1) program in BSD source code from the Regents of the University of California.
AUTHORS
Timo Rinne tri@iki.fi
Tatu Ylonen ylo@cs.hut.fi
BSD September 25, 1999 BSD